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Left column: Effects of maximum cell density with the oil droplet mean diameter of 100 μm.
Right column: Effects of maximum cell density with the oil droplet mean diameter of 10 μm.
Thus, all treatment contrasts are estimable regardless of the row and column effects.
Universally optimal designs for generalized least-squares estimation are determined for models with and without row and column effects.
Dispersion due to extra column effects was eliminated via convolution of column responses for two column lengths.
Left column: Effects of initial oil concentrations (0.04, 0.4, and 4.0 mg/L) with the same initial microbe concentration of 2.73 × 104 cells/ml.
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Short column effect caused by window openings in residential building.
In the case shown in Fig. 13d, the so-called short column effect may have occurred.
The predictions of the model are in good agreement with the experimental data of Bhole et al. [2006. Laser Doppler anemometer measurements in bubble column: effect of sparger.
We decided to nest within column as there was still a significant column effect despite the Latin-square design (F4,276 = 9.9318, P < 0.0001).
P Values in the second column (effect modification) are a test of whether the effect of the PFI varies by the type of PFI (or by gender).
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