Sentence examples for colonization times from inspiring English sources

First, although these coalescent estimates are sometimes assumed to represent colonization times, there is in fact, no geographic information contained in them.

For example, some non-indigenous foods such as parboiled rice and wheat flour have been introduced into endogenous food habits long ago (since colonization times in Africa) and may be considered as traditional foods although they were mostly imported and consumed by middle- or high-income people.

To help understand the evolutionary histories of forest granivores in space and time, we have performed a multidisciplinary study combining: (1) morphological analyses and radiocarbon dating (11,460±60 yr BP) of the new taxon and, (2) molecular divergence among the extant finch species and populations in order to infer colonization times (1.99 and 1.09 My for F. teydea and F. coelebs respectively).

In particular, we perform a multidisciplinary approach studying: 1) the morphology of the new extinct greenfinch, comparing it with the extant finches; 2) the extinction date of the new species using an AMS 14C dating from the collagen of its bones; and 3) the colonization times of extant chaffinch species inferred from sequences of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene.

Ψ C, the number of different colonization times per Z colonization events; 2).

Ψ C, the number of different colonization times Ψ ¯ C = { t C 1,..., t C Ψ C } across Z actual colonization times T C = { τ C 1,..., τ C Z }.

Another possibility that would extend the estimate for the initial colonization time would be that a first colonizing haplotype was lost and replaced by a later incoming one.

When colonization time was taken into account, the productivity for all materials except acrylic was not significantly different at approximately 2 g/m2/day.

The formation of microbial biofilms on metallic surfaces was studied by combination of gravimetric, optical and electrochemical methods with high local resolution in dependence on colonization time and biofilm thickness.

This study underscores the importance of selecting a proper dispersal kernel for modelling spread and colonization time of organisms, and of the collection of pertinent data that enable kernel estimation and that can discriminate between different kernel shapes.

Overall algal biofilm productivity was largely explained by differences in the colonization time which in turn was strongly correlated to the polar surface energy of the material, but weakly correlated to water-material contact angle.