Exact(5)
Still, sites that offer a collective selection can be useful, both as a new way for catalog companies to acquire first-time customers and for shoppers, who are buying an increasing amount of their mail-order purchases online.
Therefore, their collective selection, design, and operation must be coordinated and integrated.
This paper builds upon a view of economic organizations as problem-solving arrangements and presents a simple model of adaptive problem-solving driven by trial-and-error learning and collective selection.
Using this simple mechanism, it is possible to implement the collective selection process described previously.
Well-known examples of these decision-making processes are the collective selection of the richest food source by bees [7] or ants [8].
Similar(55)
Before an evolutionary transition, collectives fail condition 2 because within-collective selection denies collective-level heritability.
This is because within-collective selection changes the distribution of particle types over the lifetime of a collective, such that the particles it consists of at maturity (and that will go into its propagules, howsoever formed) will not have the same type distribution as those from which it was itself founded.
It is the latter feature of collective knowledge selection and archiving that this paper focuses on.
Of course, once there is a collective-level selection regime in force then a collective-level evolutionary process can evolve division of labour, specialisation of parts and all manner of complex adaptations.
Our findings imply that the effect arises via natural selection – a mechanism we largely ignore when attempting to explain, or alter, how collective choice affects our biology.
This sort of reasoning contravenes Williams Principle Williamsms 1992; Sober and Wilson 1998; Okasha 2006, p. 113), which states that collective-level adaptations are evidence of past collective-level selection and not a prior condition of it.
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