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Zed is a collective, owned and run by all of its employees, who receive equal pay, and "collective decision-making means departmental decisions can be made while easily utilising the expertise of people in different departments".
urban employment (E) and urban wage (W u ) in the top three permanent sectors (state owned, urban collective owned and other units).
According to the type of work unit reported by respondents, we treat party and government offices, public institutions, social organizations, and state or collective owned enterprises as employed in state/collective sectors, and treat all other responses as not employed in state/collective sectors.
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Township and Village Enterprises (TVEs), which spearheaded Chinese economic growth during the 1980s, were collectives owned and controlled by local governments.
Conversely, many firms labelled private by the official statistics, particularly small township, village enterprises (TVEs) and collectives owned by their employees, are in truth controlled by local governments.
By the time he died in 1976, Mao unquestionably achieved his aim of transforming China with communism: State-owned enterprises made up 77.6% of the economy, and collectives owned everything else.
For instance, a company's ICO could be set up to encourage responsible innovation that benefits society, and ICO-backed collectives owned and operated by billions of people worldwide could challenge tech monopolies and spread wealth beyond the richest 1percentt.
Each group eventually made the cooking its collective own.
This is a collective responsibility owned by all parties.
The common land is a type of collective property, owned and managed by local communities, which is very typical of Portuguese mountainous regions.
Collectives, businesses owned by local government organizations, make up much of the rest.
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