Regarding authors as samples, a mixture distribution means those samples come from different populations, namely the collaboration patterns of the authors with few collaborators and papers differ from those with many collaborators and papers.
Much of the outrage over collaborators was papered over; later French governments overlooked the collaborationist crimes of some conservative nationalists as long as they were loyal public servants.
For these authors, their collaborators in different papers could not collaborate, which decreases their local clustering coefficient.
Also, researchers that form mostly weak (or strong) ties in the social network may indicate different collaboration patterns, for example, a researcher who has many collaborators through single papers, i.e., that person has collaborated only once with many people.
This paper repeats part of the analysis performed in the 1995 paper "Experimental evaluation in Computer Science: a quantitative study" by Tichy and collaborators, for 147 papers randomly selected from the ACM, published in the year 2005.
"This work involves thinking about interesting intellectual problems, working with good students and collaborators, and writing papers," he says.
The collaborators on the papers (who paid for the research) strongly support submitting them as written, but they seem unwilling to push the issue.
This year alone, Stevens and her collaborators have published papers in Science and Nature linking the complement pathway and microglia to diseases such as schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, and cognitive problems from infection with West Nile virus.
If a retraction causes a researcher to lose his or her job, funding, or ability to attract students, postdocs, and collaborators, citations to papers published before the retraction are largely irrelevant.
ORWP further thanks M. Ashley and W. Barnes, collaborators on earlier papers related to this work.
