Sentence examples for collaborative research contract from inspiring English sources

Here we use industry involvement measures that are broader than commercialization and indicate actual collaboration, i.e. collaborative research, contract research and consulting.

A considerable body of work highlights the relevance of collaborative research, contract research, consulting and informal relationships for university industry knowledge transfer.

Due to relatively low pay in public universities, researchers are attracted to consultancies that consequently divert their attention to short-term projects and consultancies conducted at the individual level rather than longer-term collaborative research contracts [ 21].

Research fund with industry (c) comprises collaborative research and contract research.

Fig. 2 Total funding of collaborative research and contract research in Japan from 2004 to 2013.

Thus, we see that total collaborative research and contract research funding in Japan is smaller than in the UK.

Fig. 1 Total funding of collaborative research and contract research in the UK from 2004-05 to 2012-13.

In the UK, total collaborative research and contract research also almost doubled from £1440 million (about ¥245 billion) in 2003 2004 to £2658 million (about ¥451 billion) in 2012 2013, but in contrast to Japan, the growth has continued throughout the period.

Other evidence shows more moderate entrepreneurial success in Japanese universities: for example, although, the total funding of collaborative research and contract research almost doubled from ¥128 billion (about £750 million) in 2003 to ¥220 billion (about £1298 million) in 2013 this occurred in two phases with the increase all taking place between 2003 and 2008 and stagnating since 2008.

This paper presents some of the results from the Commission of the European Communities collaborative research program (contract number EV5V-CT92-0221), whose ais is to investigate the relationship between exposure to petroleum emissions, benzene, and induction of genetic damage in human cells.

The final rules also remove a proposed ban on contract and collaborative research involving animals with overseas educational institutions, although they still prohibit contract research--such as the use of monkeys to test drugs for multinational drug companies--carried out purely for monetary considerations.