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The two hot chRCC lesions were categorized by the reviewing pathologists as the eosinophilic variant chRCC, while the cold lesions were both classical cases of chRCC.
Volumes of the tumour-VOI in hot vs. cold lesions were compared by the Mann-Whitney U test (non-normal distribution).
The detection of metastasis was based on the hot areas, and cold lesions were not included for training the ANN system.
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In the present study, a cold lesion was defined as a ce-CT-defined tumour with a low tracer uptake on the 18F-FDGal images compared to background liver tissue on PET fused with ce-CT.
When considering the cold lesion, although the volume of the lesion contained no radioactivity, a measured concentration of 26.5 kBq ml−1 was found.
Our first experience with fluorescein was in 1991 when we used fluorescein for marking perilesional edema in the cortical cold lesion model [ 21].
Improvements due to restricting the scan area, in terms of sensitivity and resolution, were determined with a resolution phantom, whereas improvements in contrast-to-noise ratio were measured in scans of a mouse myocardial phantom containing a cold lesion.
The severities of itching and burning of the cold-induced lesions were assessed 10 min after the end of cold provocation and recorded as: 0 absent, 1 mild, 2 moderate and 3 severe.
The bone marrow status can be evaluated in three different ways: (1) estimation of the bone marrow distribution pattern, (2) identification of focal lesions (cold and hot), and (3) calculation of the uptake ratio between the sacroiliac region (corrected for background activity) and the background [ 35].
For healthy human individuals without preatherosclerotic lesions, cold-induced BAT activity is probably beneficial for health improvement.
Deletion of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), a key mitochondrial protein involved in thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT), in the ApoE−/− strain completely protected mice from the cold-induced atherosclerotic lesions.
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