In the study mentioned above, of those women raped as adults, only 16.7% were raped by strangers; 61.9% were raped by a current or former spouse, cohabiting partner, boyfriend, or date, 21.3% by an acquaintance, and 6.5% by a relative.
This included the use of physical violence, sexual assault and/or emotional abuse or the use of threats or coercive tactics against a woman by her current or former intimate partner who may be a current or former spouse, cohabiting partner, boyfriend, or dating partner.
Likewise, we have assumed that recorded age differences between cohabiting partners or spouses in India and in the United States are representative of age differences between sexual partners in general.
The allocation of exemption cards was significantly associated with widowed marital status (OR = 1.40; CI 95% [1.10 1.78]), with not receiving financial assistance from within the household to obtain healthcare services (OR = 1.58; CI 95% [1.26 1.97]), and with living alone (OR = 1.28; CI 95% [1.01 1.63]) or cohabiting with a spouse (with or without children) (OR = 2.00; CI 95% [1.35 2.96]).
There may also be greater incentives for partners, especially women, to invest in unpaid work in married than in cohabiting unions because married spouses are typically entitled to certain monetary benefits from their spouse in the event of union dissolution.
The spouses or cohabiting partners, most of whom were also overweight or obese, were not invited to take part in the weight-loss attempts.
The present study evaluated nurturing and supportive behaviors of spouses or cohabiting romantic partners hypothesized to strengthen co-parent relationships and help break this intergenerational cycle of harsh parenting.
In 2010 and 2011, a second round of interviews was conducted with respondents, non-respondents and their spouses or cohabiting romantic partners.
Where available, spouses and cohabiting persons over 18 years were given a weight of 0.5, and children up to 18 years a weight of 0.3.
