In fact, educational attainment actually reduces the negative effect of neurotic plaques (Bennett et al., 2003) and fibrillar β-amyloid (Roe et al., 2008) on cognition, and vocabulary knowledge lessens the negative effect of brain atrophy on cognitive efficiency in multiple sclerosis patients (Sumowski et al., 2009 b ).
Also, the Vai script, a syllabary with more than two hundred characters, offered nothing like the cognitive efficiency that Havelock ascribed to Greek.
Reaction time tests are known as simple and sensitive tests for detecting variation in cognitive efficiency.
Conducting cognitive assessment tests throughout normal daily life offers new opportunities to early detect changes in cognitive efficiency.
NHD may be associated with improved general cognitive efficiency as measured by psychomotor efficiency and attention and working memory.
Such tests would allow identification of early symptoms of cognitive impairment, monitor the progress of disease processes related to cognitive efficiency and reduce the risk of cognitive overload.
Both smoking and nicotine can facilitate cognitive efficiency in humans, however the exact mechanism underlying this improvement in cognitive performance is unclear.
These models predict that stress can reduce human cognitive efficiency, even in the absence of a visible impact on the task performance.
The current study investigated the age-related differences in control strategies deployment, and examined the relations of control strategies with indicators of well-being and cognitive efficiency.
We first assessed general cognitive efficiency (Mini Mental State Examination Raven Progressive Matrices Brief Intelligence Teststhenthen, we tested memory (Corsi Test; words span test; brief text test; Rey Word Recognition test), and constructional praxis (Clock Drawing Test; Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure).
A drawback of existing reaction time tests is that they require the full attention of a test person, which prohibits the measurement of cognitive efficiency during daily routine tasks.
