The latest research suggests that living standards and access to education probably bear more responsibility for cognitive disparity between men and women than genes, nursery colours or the ability to catch a ball.Previous studies have shown that male and female brains are wired differently.
Cognitive disparity and communication problems among the participants may hamper the use of an instrument and seriously affect the results of scoring systems [ 32].
Cutler and Lleras-Muney [34] show that disparities in cognitive ability can account for about 30% of the average education gradient in a wide variety of health behaviors in Great Britain and the United States.
"With the trend toward the reversal of desegregation gains resulting from the Brown decision, future research should continue to examine the effects of how specific education policy decisions may explain disparities in cognitive function and other health outcomes, particularly those health outcomes that are commonly observed in African Americans," the study says.
With advancing age, disparities in cognitive performance and language among individuals increase.
14 The Longitudinal Survey of Australian Children reported similar disparities for cognitive outcomes among Aboriginal children aged 4 5 years, although the number of Aboriginal children was very small and not representative of the Aboriginal population.
Such knowledge about the neural embedding of socioeconomic status, specifically poverty, may aid in the design and implementation of intervention programs addressing SES-related disparities in a cognitive and health outcomes.
In conclusion, age, fundus AS levels, HDL-C, POD, IL-6, ApoA2, and ApoC2 showed significant disparities in different cognitive statuses.
The model acknowledges the strong correlation between lower socioeconomic status (with its attendant economic hardships) and disparities in the cognitive, social, emotional, and physical health and well-being of children, adolescents, and young adults [ 60].
Some sources maintained that cognitive enhancement cannot erase the "disparities created by natural talent and luck" [ 48] but others argued that "Unequal access is generally not grounds for prohibiting neurocognitive enhancement, any more than it is grounds for prohibiting other types of enhancement, such as private tutoring or cosmetic surgery that are enjoyed mainly by the wealthy" [ 3].
