Ripped to shreds is the enduring stereotype of the "strong black woman": this heroine flails and weeps in a whirl of panic attacks, sleep paralysis and depression, for which her therapist prescribes various cognitive behavioural exercises.
However, there have been no reports of the development and evaluation of full Internet-based interventions that incorporate the full range of cognitive behavioural exercises that have been successful in paper-based self-directed formats.
The manualized intervention, developed by Conrod and colleagues [ 35], provides personalized feedback and personality-specific cognitive-behavioural exercises designed to facilitate more adaptive coping.
Cognitive and behavioural exercises were performed to train the ability to function despite pain (i.e. pain coping, increasing health behaviour, adapt skills to daily life).
Compared to BluePages, MoodGYM participants were more likely to report using cognitive behavioural therapy, exercise and massage.
Hence, theories of behaviour and behavioural change may guide goal-setting interventions [ 16- 18], and several reviews conclude that the use of cognitive behavioural approaches in exercise programmes and other self-management interventions increase their effectiveness in people with rheumatic diseases [ 11, 19- 21].
In this intervention programme, the therapist will actively stimulate perspective taking, cognitive restructuring, and behavioural exercises.
These interventions included (1) psycho-education, (2) cognitive behavioural therapy, (3) exercise combined with education and support, (4) exercise alone, (5) acupressure, (6) energy conservation and activity management, (7) relaxation breathing exercises and (8) distraction.
Adoption might lead to more explanation of physiological and psychological mechanisms [ 90, 91], and greater use of non-pharmacological interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy, graded exercise and counselling [ 37].
According to a systematic review of the literature, the proportion of adults in employment increased following interventions for CFS/ME (individualised rehabilitation, cognitive behavioural therapy and exercise therapy) and decreased in observational studies with no intervention [ 12].
The treatment had components of both cognitive behavioural therapy and exercise.
