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The coefficients b1 and b2, also positive, are "reaction" coefficients, measuring the tendency of each country to respond to the military spending of its rival, while g1 and g2 are autonomous "grievance" or "ambition" terms, representing each country's desire for military capability apart from the rivalry.
P Note, however that the coefficients measuring health status (e.g. Self Assessed Health) change in the IV-OLS compared to OLS.
Specifically, each smooth function has an associated penalty (boldsymbol {nu }_{j}^{sf {T}} mathbf {Q}_{j} boldsymbol {nu }_{j}), where (boldsymbol {nu }_{j}^{sf {T}}=(nu _{j1},ldots,nu _{{jK}_{j}})) and Q j is a positive semi definite square matrix of known coefficients measuring the roughness of the jth smooth component.
where, S V M{K n,α}=−1/2(α⊙w)′ K n (α⊙w), α i are the coefficients of the samples, and μ=[μ 1,…μ N ]′ 1 are the coefficients measuring the importance of the nth base kernel.
They are usually easy to interpret, with the regression coefficients measuring the increase rates of response variables with changes of covariates.
The HRV adjusted regression coefficients measuring the cumulative effects of PM2.5 from 0-4 lafterfter adjusting for HRV variables are presented in Table 4.
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Correlation coefficients measure the extent to which two variables tend to change together.
The colors of the circles indicate the correlation coefficients measured by the stretching technique.
The red curve shows the standard deviation of the stretching coefficients measured before the drilling activities.
Kandlikar and Balasubramanian [28] correlation best predicts the heat transfer coefficients measured in the present work.
Numerical simulations of the experimental voltammograms using diffusion coefficients measured independently support this mechanism.
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