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Accordingly, several investigations examined the effects of systemic CM with the presumption that the results represented cocaine interactions with peripheral cocaine targets at similar doses [10], [13].
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However, it is clear from our data that equivalent doses of CM should not be used to examine the effects of cocaine interaction with its peripheral targets.
The same phenomenon was also found in the female offspring of the A1R Hz mothers after the cocaine stimulation (interaction mother's genotype p = 0.0014, F 1,27) = 12.6, Two Way ANOVA) (Figure 6B).
It is commonly believed that the reinforcing properties of cocaine depend upon interaction with the DAT, however, cocaine is still reinforcing in mice with a genetic deletion of the DAT (DAT-KO mice).
Generated three-dimensional CoMFA contour plots then located the specific regions about cocaine where the ligand/receptor interactions occurred.
Rodent studies using this model suggest that also in the etiology of cocaine abuse, gene-environment interactions could play a role.
A more complex (quadratic) interaction between cocaine dose and sex of the offspring was also noted.
We have reported a synergistic interaction between cocaine and diphenhydramine (DPH) in a self-administration assay with monkeys.
More importantly, a significant prenatal treatment condition (prenatal cocaine, control) by sex interaction in nestin+ expression was confirmed, indicating different effects of cocaine based on sex of the animal.
This bicyclic core structure constitutes a novel chemical scaffold in DAT inhibitor design, which may provide new insights into the 3D structure of the DAT and its interaction with cocaine and DA.
When applied to the heroin shortage, the method has enabled Australian researchers to test theories about the interaction of cocaine and heroin markets [ 22, 23], and to extend current understanding of drug markets to investigate the health and social consequences of sharp changes in the availability of illicit opioids in an environment of effective and widespread harm reduction measures [ 4, 24].
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