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Some coatings defects are repairable, techniques of repair are governed by binding regulation.
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The corrosion processes on the surface of the coatings and at through-coating defects are also being investigated electrochemically.
In this paper, we demonstrate that optical coatings with high levels of scatter resulting from introduction of model coating defects exhibit an enhanced Stierwalt effect as compared to otherwise identical coatings that do not contain these defects.
Imperfection on substrate surfaces commonly causes growth defects in hard coatings prepared by magnetron sputtering, leading to local loss of adhesion, higher friction, voids and corrosion at coating defects.
Such sintered silicide coatings have defects such as pores, cracks, and uneven top surfaces, which have negative influence on the high temperature oxidation resistance of the coatings.
The most commonly used mineral substitutes for bone defect and trauma applications as implant coatings and defect fillers are thermally processed hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate.
The most commonly used synthetic mineral substitutes for bone defect and trauma applications as implant coatings and defect fillers are hydroxyapatite cements, which have already undergone comprehensive animal testing and have also established themselves in many surgical procedures on human patients[ 18- 39].
This compositional information, coupled with tool and procedural upgrades based on best engineering practices and judgement, led to a decrease in the typical multilayer-coating-added defect density on 6 in.
These coatings contain structural defects such as pores or pinholes.
Sputtering and CVD yielded TiN coatings with fewer defects than other methods.
The improvement of melting index of in-flight particles increased the lattice parameters of as-sprayed coatings while decreased defects (unmelted particles, pores and cracks).
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