The goal of the current study is to evaluate antibacterial coatings in vitro and to develop a large animal model to assess coated bone implants.
Many companies now coat bone implants with nanoscale-textured hydroxyapatite, a mineral found in bone.
The second group received a coating of bone wax, a beeswax-based hemostat (Bone Wax; Ethicon, Inc, Somerville, NJ).
The individual stem geometry and the location of the porous coating for bone ingrowth are critical to the surgical technique for bone preparation and guide the ensuing success, complications, and even potentially the postoperative rehabilitation.
One biocompatible and bioactive material often used as implant coating for bone regeneration is hydroxyapatite (HAP, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2), which is closely related to bone apatite.
Gross assessment of the components revealed interface surfaces that were consistent with cementless fixation for the right TKA prosthesis (porous coating with bone attachment) and cement fixation for the left TKA prosthesis (matte finish with cement and bone attachment).
There was experimental evidence that HA was in fact well tolerated by the organism without leading to foreign body reactions (Nery et al. 1975), that HA coating enhanced bone ingrowth (Jarcho et al. 1977), and that implants coated with HA showed improved fixation to surrounding bone tissue (Ducheyne et al. 1980).
It was found that HA coating stimulates bone formation around both SSWs and TWs.
In addition, it reduces the interface shear stress between the coating and bone that affects the long term stability of the hip implant.
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is a growth factor that promotes angiogenesis (tissue vascularization), cell motility, and cell differentiation, making it a potentially beneficial coating for bone implants.
