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This means that when the coated element is submitted to a load, the film is not thick enough to avoid transmission of a significant part of the applied stress to the substrate.
Heat generated from oxidation of combustible species raises the temperature of the catalytically coated element relative to the other, thus providing a measure of the concentration of combustibles in the exhaust.
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Such a critical decline in mechanical properties of the final coatings is disadvantageous for further applications of coated elements.
Typical sensor arrays involve around 10 sensor elements, future array sizes are designed to utilize thousands of different coated elements.
Surface layer condition and fatigue strength of chromium coated elements were tested.
Under the premise of the same energy modulation function for real and model film systems, each multilayer film coated optical element with complex energy propagation is transformed into a single surface.
This property might induce creep phenomena during the operation of the coated machine elements according to the acting loads.
These results are discussed to comprehend the performance and ascertain the fatigue failure modes in HIPed HVOF coated rolling elements.
In order to avoid current leakage to the electrically conductive adherends, a ceramic-coated heating element (TiO2 HE) was used for welding the UD specimens and some of the quasi-isotropic specimens.
Both stainless steel 316 (SS316) and Teflon-coated mixing elements were used.
A strong metal mount is durable for heavy use, and multi-coated lens elements minimize ghosts and flare.
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