Several previous studies [ 10, 28, 33, 34] have confirmed that GPs' knowledge of CMs was associated with GPs' attitudes, practice and referral of CMs, and that if a GP had knowledge of CMs then they would have a more positive attitude and be more willing to practice CMs.
Compared to episodic migraine, chronic migraine (CM) is associated with increased pain intensity, pain-associated symptoms, such as nausea, photophobia, phonophobia, as well as pain-related comorbidities.
The CHC denotes the CHC provided by the CH in which the corresponding CM is associated.
Chronic migraine (CM) is associated with personal disability and burden; however the effect on family life is less certain.
Compared to episodic migraine, CM is associated with higher disability, inferior quality of life and greater health resource utilization [7].
CM is associated with greater headache-related disability and impairment of quality of life compared to EM [12 18].
In conclusion, we have demonstrated for the first time that CM is associated with abnormalities of the kynurenine pathway metabolites.
In addition, CM is associated with a greater degree of impairment in cortical processing of sensory stimuli [15].
CM is associated with significant disability and high socioeconomic impact [3, 4], which make CM a major public health problem [5, 6].
To summarize, CM is associated with lower GM density in several brain areas known to be involved in antinociception, multisensory integration, and analgesic dependence.
