Nowhere is there a richer or more concentrated cluster of languages, some eight hundred, than in Papua New Guinea, with its daunting topography of highlands and rain forests.
Malagasy languages, a cluster of languages spoken on Madagascar and adjacent islands and belonging to the Austronesian (Malayo-Polynesian) family of languages.
In a more refined subdivision of the languages, the geographic adjectives are replaced by the names for 'person' in each major cluster of languages, so that Ju replaces Northern, Khoe replaces Central, and !Kwi and Taa expand Southern.
By measuring how long the random walker spends in each part of the network, we are able to identify clusters of languages with strong internal connections [47].
Another interesting example is the cluster of languages primarily spoken in the Middle Eastern countries (yellow), which apart from geographical proximity are closely intertwined due to (3) a shared religious tradition.
13688_2016_70_MOESM1_ESM.pdf Figure A1 contains the heatmap of editing co-occurrence comparison between empirical and experimental data based on a 6.5% sample of the data ( (pmb{N = 200mbox748}) concepts) (pdf) 13688_2016_70_MOESM2_ESM.pdf Table A1 contains the clusters of languages with shared interest as found by the Infomap clustering algorithm (pdf).
The CEFR describes language proficiency in reading, writing, speaking, and listening on a 6-level scale, combined in three superordinate clusters of ascending language proficiency (A, B, and C; see Fig. 2).
By analysing the frequency with which clusters of words appear in close proximity in the two languages, it is possible to work out which words correspond to each other in the two languages.
Visual inspection of language clusters suggests a number of hypotheses which might explain such network configuration.
Investigating the cluster proved difficult because of language problems and reticence to provide detailed information of travel, since the patients were illegal immigrants (Table).
