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Drug use may similarly be part of this cluster of practices.
Participants implicitly defined 'local' in different ways, including at the practice, cluster of practices, and PCT levels.
Held, for example, considers it to be "both a practice, or cluster of practices, and a value, or cluster of values" and distinguishes this from the characteristics (dispositions) of caring persons [ 45].
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We have randomised the resulting five clusters of practices, pharmacies and patients to begin pharmaceutical care in five successive waves.
To manage the concern of maintaining a necessary network size, several sites developed smaller localities, clusters of practices within their network which resolve local issues, including commissioning.
Post-test comparisons will be conducted between the intervention and control arms using intention to treat analysis and models that account for clustering of practices in a Network and clustering of patients within practices and GPs.
Post-test comparisons will be conducted between the intervention and wait-control arms using intention to treat analysis [ 55] and models that account for the non-independence of observations due to the clustering of practices in a Network and clustering of patients within practices and GPs.
Using the minimal clinically important mean difference for the CCQ [ 29], and the upper value of 0.05 from a range of ICC values identified in studies involving the older person in primary care [ 41], power calculations indicate that 40 clusters of practices with an average of 27 participants per cluster are required.
27 Using the minimal clinically important mean difference of 0.4 for the CCQ, 28 with a standard deviation of CCQ equal to 0.49 at 12 months, and the upper value of 0.05 from a range of intra-class correlation coefficient values identified in primary care studies, 29 power calculations indicated that we needed 40 clusters of practices with an average of 27 participants per cluster.
The trial will incorporate cluster randomisation of practices to avoid the risk of contamination.
18 The trial incorporated cluster randomisation of practices to avoid the risk of contamination between the trial arms.
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