In this way, the clusters do not always represent the 'worst' responses (e.g. 75th – 100th percentile), but could also represent clusters of persons whose health may likely deteriorate (e.g. 50th – 75th quartile) or those whose health outcomes are substantially better than others (e.g. 1st – 25th percentile).
Gaussian random effects were incorporated in the model to account for the natural clustering of persons in households (24 ).
The data also show that clusters of persons refraining from vaccination interfere with measles elimination even in populations with very high overall vaccine coverage (96%).
In partnership with the government of Bangladesh, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDCC) and the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR,B) established nationwide hospital-based surveillance to identify clusters of persons with life-threatening influenza virus infections (6 ).
We sought to identify high-risk areas of pancreatic cancer incidence, and determine if clusters of persons diagnosed with pancreatic cancer were more likely to be located near arsenic-contaminated drinking water wells.
To examine the association with potential risk factors and to take clustering of persons within households into account, univariate odds ratios (OR) were estimated by logistic regression with robust standard errors.
This system would act as a method to augment existing laboratory-based surveillance and would identify clusters of persons with suspected foodborne disease that warrant further investigation by health departments.
Cluster sampling of persons from communes within districts with high numbers of drug users (according to the official registry of drug users maintained by the Provincial Sub-Departments for Social Evils Control) was used to ensure geographic coverage of the city.
All 11 patients reported bathing in rivers in Corsica: 7 persons (6 from Germany, 1 from Canada) bathed in the Cavu River; a familial cluster of 3 persons from Berlin bathed in the Gaglioli, Solenzara, and Restonica Rivers; and a Belgian tourist bathed in the Osu River.
