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The IA-SSD closure model consists of two stages.
The analysis is based on Elber's crack closure model.
The shear stress transport turbulence model was used as the turbulence closure model.
Simulations were made with a full closure model (FCM) and with the presented integrated model (IM).
For the force controlled small scale yielding tests the Newman crack closure model was used.
For URANS, a two-equation k ε turbulence closure model is used.
Energy dissipation within the vessels was estimated using a sub-grid scale closure model.
This was similar to predictions from a Dugdale-type crack closure model.
The simulation results were compared to predictions of the Conditional Moment Closure model.
In this paper, an enhancement of Donald and Paris' partial crack closure model is proposed.
The Smagorinsky closure model is used for representing the subgrid scale viscosity.
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