Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
closely intimate
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The phrase "closely intimate" is not commonly used in written English and may sound redundant.
It can be used to describe a relationship that is both very personal and deeply connected, but it may be better to choose a more standard expression. Example: "Their relationship was closely intimate, built on years of trust and understanding."
Science
News & Media
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
2 human-written examples
It is still debated whether endotoxemia in influenza virus infection associates with the pathogenesis of IAE, but the IAE-like mouse model shows hypercytokinemia without direct influenza virus infection in the brain, and that is closely intimate histological and immunopathological features such as BBB breakdown seen in IAE patients.
Science & Research
Interactions among species with a higher degree of intimacy, such as ant-plants show a distinct pattern of structure (c), often with multiple distinct groups (modules) of closely intimate associations (Guimarães et al. 2007).
Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources
Similar Expressions
58 human-written examples
But the real showstoppers on "Nashville" have been something else: small songs, sung closely, in intimate rooms.
News & Media
He observes them so closely, enters such intimate communion with them, that finally he becomes one.
News & Media
It's not physical violence, but it's dangerous because it happens between people who live closely or are intimate.
News & Media
Jhumpa Lahiri's quietly dazzling new novel, "The Namesake," is that rare thing: an intimate, closely observed family portrait that effortlessly and discreetly unfolds to disclose a capacious social vision.
News & Media
But had Descartes reflected more closely on the intimate union of the mind and body in man, he would have concluded with Desgabets, that our ideas of body and mind are equally clear, and equally evident.
Science
In looking closely at the intimate nature of our technological interactions, she turns the idea of "here" on its head in totally unexpected ways.
News & Media
This division of transcriptional focus closely mirrors the intimate morphogenetic relationship that has evolved between mitosis and building of the daughter parasites and invasion organelles.
Science
"I was frankly surprised to see Thiel attempt to closely associate IPPA [the Intimate Privacy Protection Act] with the Gawker case," University of Miami law professor Mary Anne Franks said over email.
News & Media
Hepworth's version of the paired birds was both more intimate and more closely observed.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
While "closely intimate" is understandable, consider using stronger, less redundant alternatives like "deeply intimate" or "intimately connected" to enhance clarity and impact.
Common error
Avoid stacking similar adjectives. Instead of "closely intimate", opt for a single, powerful adjective that conveys the intended meaning more effectively. Redundancy can weaken your writing.
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
3.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The phrase "closely intimate" primarily functions as a descriptive adjective phrase, modifying a noun to indicate a high degree of personal connection and familiarity. Ludwig suggests this usage, while acceptable, might be improved with more concise alternatives.
Frequent in
Science
50%
News & Media
50%
Formal & Business
0%
Less common in
Encyclopedias
0%
Wiki
0%
Reference
0%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
The phrase "closely intimate" is used to describe something that is both near or connected and deeply personal. As Ludwig indicates, the phrase is grammatically acceptable but may sound redundant. Given its infrequent usage and potential for redundancy, consider stronger, single-word alternatives like "deeply intimate" or rephrasing for clarity. When aiming to emphasize a strong personal bond, depth of familiarity, or intense connection consider using intimately connected or deeply intimate for better impact. Ludwig examples show it appears in Science and News & Media.
More alternative expressions(6)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
deeply intimate
Emphasizes the depth of the intimacy, suggesting a profound connection.
intimately connected
Highlights the intertwined nature of the relationship or elements.
closely connected
Similar to "intimately connected" but slightly less intense in its implication of depth.
very close
Focuses on the proximity and bond between individuals or entities.
deeply personal
Highlights the private and sensitive nature of the relationship or topic.
very familiar
Indicates a high degree of knowledge and understanding, suggesting a comfortable closeness.
personally familiar
Emphasizes the personal aspect of knowing someone or something well.
closely acquainted
Focuses on the familiarity and knowledge gained through close association.
extremely similar
Stresses a high degree of resemblance or likeness.
nearly identical
Emphasizes resemblance and similarity, with only minor differences.
FAQs
What does "closely intimate" mean?
The phrase "closely intimate" suggests a relationship or connection that is both very near or detailed and deeply personal or private. It often describes a deep level of familiarity and understanding between entities.
What can I say instead of "closely intimate"?
You can use alternatives like "deeply intimate", "intimately connected", or "very close" depending on the context.
Is "closely intimate" grammatically correct?
While understandable, "closely intimate" can be considered somewhat redundant. "Intimate" already implies closeness, so using "closely" may not add significant meaning and could be seen as stylistically weak.
How can I use "closely intimate" in a sentence?
Example: "Their relationship was "closely intimate", built on years of shared experiences and mutual trust." However, consider if a stronger, single adjective might be more impactful.
Editing plus AI, all in one place.
Stop switching between tools. Your AI writing partner for everything—polishing proposals, crafting emails, finding the right tone.
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
86%
Authority and reliability
3.8/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested