It is applicable when a system is involved in a closed signaling loop, i.e., action by the system generates an environmental change that is reflected in the system in some manner (feedback), triggering a system change.
"The closed doors signal a train operator to start the train," Ms. Farley said, "so once the doors are closed, they should stay that way".
Under the controller designed, we can ensure that the outputs of the system track the given bounded reference signals within a small neighborhood of zero, and guarantee semi-global uniform boundedness of all the closed loop signals.
Based on Lyapunov synthesis, the proposed controls ensure that the system outputs track the given bounded reference signals within a small neighborhood of zero, and guarantee the semi-global uniform boundedness of all closed loop signals.
A superintendent of a Midtown Manhattan office building placed small cameras in two women's restrooms and watched the closed-circuit signal, the authorities said yesterday.
It is shown that the proposed controller achieves ultimately bounded tracking error and boundedness of the closed loop signals.
Asymptotic tracking is achieved without violation of the constraint, and all closed loop signals remain bounded, under a mild condition on the initial output.
Based on Lyapunov stability analysis, the closed-loop signal boundedness and the convergence of the tracking error to zero are ensured.
Under the backstepping control-based iBLF, the output tracking is well achieved without violation of any constraint and the closed loop signals are bounded.
It is proved that all closed loop signals are semi-globally uniformly ultimately bounded (SGUUB) and the output tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin by choosing the design parameters appropriately.
