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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak quote

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak

CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com

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closed and closed

Grammar usage guide and real-world examples

USAGE SUMMARY

The phrase "closed and closed" is not standard in written English and may cause confusion.
It could be used in a context where you want to emphasize that something is doubly closed or to describe two separate instances of closure. Example: "The door was closed and closed, ensuring no one could enter."

⚠ May contain grammatical issues

Science

News & Media

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

4 human-written examples

But there is a still a gap and that gap will have to be closed and closed very soon".

News & Media

The Guardian

b A white-winged crossbill (Loxia leucoptera leucoptera; upper left) and a Newfoundland crossbill (Loxia curvirostra percna; lower right), and representative partially closed and closed black spruce cones from the mainland (upper left) and Newfoundland (lower right; from Parchman and Benkman 2002).

The steady state inactivation shift was reproduced by altering the voltage dependence of the transition between closed and closed inactivated states which interestingly also recapitulated the observed speeding of recovery from inactivation determined in experiments (Figure 4B and Methods S1, Figure S-1).

Science

Plosone

They compared the atomic displacements in the conformational change from open to closed and closed to open forms with those in the normal modes.

Human-verified similar examples from authoritative sources

Similar Expressions

56 human-written examples

There is a difference between closing and closed.

News & Media

The New York Times

(viii) ⇔ (v): Clearly, a suprafrontier and frontier of any set is superharmonic-closed and closed, respectively.

It is clear since supra-frontier and frontier of any set is supra-closed and closed, respectively.

Likewise, there do not appear to be great differences between cross-links of the "semi-closed" and "closed" modeled states.

Science

eLife

Became closer and closer to Hitler.

News & Media

The New Yorker

"I just got closer and closer.

News & Media

Independent

It brings us closer and closer.

News & Media

The New York Times
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Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When emphasizing the action of ensuring complete closure, consider using stronger, more conventional alternatives like "sealed shut" or "firmly secured" for clarity.

Common error

Avoid using "closed and closed" simply to add emphasis. This construction is often grammatically awkward and can be better replaced by a single, more descriptive adjective.

Antonio Rotolo, PhD - Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Antonio Rotolo, PhD

Digital Humanist | Computational Linguist | CEO @Ludwig.guru

Source & Trust

88%

Authority and reliability

2.8/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Linguistic Context

The phrase "closed and closed" primarily functions as a descriptive element, attempting to emphasize a state of being shut or secured. However, according to Ludwig AI, it is considered grammatically incorrect and lacks consistent usage, suggesting it does not effectively serve its intended function.

Expression frequency: Rare

Frequent in

Science

60%

News & Media

40%

Formal & Business

0%

Less common in

Academia

0%

Encyclopedias

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "closed and closed" is not a standard or recommended construction in English. While it appears in some contexts, particularly within scientific literature, Ludwig AI considers it grammatically incorrect and potentially confusing. The phrase attempts to emphasize a state of being completely shut, but is better replaced by alternatives such as "firmly shut" or "securely fastened" for improved clarity and grammatical correctness. Using more conventional phrases will ensure your writing is both clear and professional.

FAQs

Is "closed and closed" grammatically correct?

The phrase "closed and closed" is not standard English and may sound redundant. Consider using alternatives like "firmly shut" or "tightly sealed" for clarity.

What does "closed and closed" mean?

While not a standard phrase, "closed and closed" could be interpreted as emphasizing the state of being completely shut. However, clearer alternatives are generally preferred.

Can I use "closed and closed" in formal writing?

It is generally not advisable to use "closed and closed" in formal writing due to its unconventional nature. Opt for more standard and precise alternatives to ensure clarity and professionalism.

What are some alternatives to "closed and closed"?

Depending on the context, alternatives to "closed and closed" could include "securely fastened", "sealed tight", or "firmly locked".

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Source & Trust

88%

Authority and reliability

2.8/5

Expert rating

Real-world application tested

Most frequent sentences: