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These three SNPs have extreme minor allele frequencies in the NECS centenarians (MAF<0.01), while the allele frequencies in the controls are very close to referent allele frequencies from the HapMap (Table 3).
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Among white women, using wild-type homozygotes for the M1, M2 and M4 loci as a referent group, the ORs were close to 1.0 for all combinations of M1, M2 and M4 alleles.
The observed number of cases in Lauenburg during 1990 1998 is very close to the expected number derived when using national referent rates (SIR = 1.02; 95% CI, 0.51 1.83) whereas the observed number of cases in Harburg during the period 1990 1998 is greater than the expected number (SIR = 1.56; 95% CI, 0.96 2.38).
Adjusted mean difference compared to referent group.
‡ Unadjusted mean difference compared to referent group.
Arrows indicate significant increases or decreases relative to referent quadrats and dashes indicate no difference from referent quadrats.
In the basic models adjusted only for age and calendar time, living closer to a roadway than the referent, regardless of specific road type or cut-point categorization used, was generally associated with small nonstatistically significant elevations in the risk of endometriosis, compared with living farther from a roadway (Table 3).
They point to referents beyond the aphasia of paved roads.
The mapping problem asks how infants correctly learn to attach words to referents.
Instructions were also given to the referent member to maintain blinding during the telephone interview.
If the sign's proper function is to refer to its referent, it is self-cancelling.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com