Mice with disrupted circadian clock function (homozygous mutants of Clock) develop hyperphagia, obesity and features of the metabolic syndrome [ 8].
Can temperature cycles entrain the clock in developing zebrafish embryos?
The performance fell short of the 19% return clocked by the Morgan Stanley Capital International EAFE index of developed economies, as well as Vanguards Total International Stock Index Fund (VGTSX), which also had a 19% price gain.
That beats the 15% advance clocked by Morgan Stanley International's EAFE stock index of developed economies and the 2% rise in the S&P 500 during those 12 months.
A detailed study of rhythmic clock gene expression in developing embryos revealed that clock gene expression rhythms are detected very early during development at the single cell level; however, these cell clocks are asynchronous.
Last year, researchers reported that mice with a mutation in one of these clock genes develop cancer more readily than normal mice, suggesting that the clock could influence cell division.
The general idea of a molecular clock was developed by Linus Pauling and Emile Zuckerkandl shortly after the prerequisite developments in protein chemistry during the late 1950s.3 At that point it was known that each protein is constructed from a sequence of amino acids that fold into a distinctive shape required by the protein's function.
The measurement may be in seconds, minutes, hours, etc., based on a conventional clock, or we may be measuring our movement in time on an atomic clock, which is the most accurate type of clock humankind has developed to measure the passage of time.
In order to investigate the role of both positive and negative feedback in the circuitry of the somitogenesis clock, we developed a mathematical model in which the key regulatory interactions are that an inhibitory clock protein and NICD negatively and positively regulate gene transcription, respectively (see 'Materials and methods' and Figure 1A,B).
The Ramos Alarm Clock was developed by a team of engineers in NYC.
The project has four main goals: an improved test of Local Position Invariance, improved Kennedy Thorndyke and Michelson Morley type experiments, and an enhancement of the performance of atomic clocks being developed elsewhere for use in space.
