Sentence examples for clock calculation from inspiring English sources

Since estimations of the species divergence time of C. piger and C. riparius based on large amounts of sequence data are lacking to date, the overall synonymous substitution rate of the ORFs was used for a rough molecular clock calculation.

In contrast, there was substantial variation in rates due to uncertainty in the biogeographic calibration, ranging from 4 Ma based on the age of Masatierra Island to 2.6 Ma based on a chloroplast DNA clock calculation (substitutions/site/year × 10-9: 4 Ma calibration = 3.94; 2.6 Ma calibration = 6.06).

Published primate divergence times from the accepted paleontological records and the age of the pseudogenes based on molecular clock calculations were compared to data obtained by detection of PCR products exhibiting the expected amplicon size of the pseudogene region.

In stark contrast, molecular clock calculations have previously been used to estimate a time-scale of only tens or hundreds of years.

Nevertheless Molina et al. (2011a) recognize the role of hybridizations in their concluding discussion, and they are right to highlight the importance of incomplete lineage sorting in ancestral populations and that ancestral polymorphisms may have lead to overestimates in previous molecular clock calculations.

In 2004, a research study compared the DNA sequences of both populations and used a combination of molecular phylogenetics and molecular clock calculations to estimate the extent of genetic divergence.

As molecular clock calculations are often contentious, in particular for cave species [67], we used two methods of calculating molecular divergence rates.

In this study, we narrowed down the origin of the epidemic HIV clades (HIV-1 groups M and O, HIV-2 groups A and B) to the first half of the 20th century, using phylogenetic molecular clock calculations.

There is a range of molecular clock calculations available, depending on whether one uses more modern relaxed clock methods or fairly simplistic distance estimates, which will vary based on whether one uses model-corrected or uncorrected distances for either COI or 16S sequences.

According to the molecular clock calculations (see above), the hemocyanins of Pycnogonida and Euchelicerata diverged ~543 Ma.

The molecular clock calculations were in excellent agreement with the fossil record, also demonstrating the applicability of hemocyanins for such approach.