A number of studies have highlighted the important contribution of local pain and negative pain affect to clinical pain intensity, and this underlines the multidimensional nature of clinical pain intensity in FM patients [ 40, 41], as well as the general population [ 42- 44].
For the chronic pain group, higher clinical pain intensity, lower PPT values from the neck-shoulder and higher pain intensity evoked by the roller were all correlated with less efficient descending pain modulation (P < 0.05).
For the chronic pain group, higher clinical pain intensity, lower PPT values from the neck-shoulder, and higher pain intensity evoked by the roller were associated with less efficient descending pain modulation.
Moreover, the clinical pain intensity and duration of FM were not correlated with any MEG connectivity measure (all p > 0.05).
SCS (50 Hz, 0.2 ms, 3 5 minutes) at a clinical relevant intensity (90% of motor threshold) was applied on the C1-C2 or C8-T1 ipspinalral segmentsegmentsegments
Finally, the present finding of connectivity change may be problematic if such change is confounded by the ongoing pain perceived in patients with FM, despite a lack of correlation between the connectivity changes and the clinical pain intensity.
Despite its lack of correlation with clinical pain intensity, we also noted that the insula DMN connectivity was negatively correlated with tenderness at the beta band in patients with FM.
To compare clinical pain intensity, exercise performance, pain sensitivity and the effect of aerobic and isometric exercise on local and remote pressure pain thresholds (PPTs) in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain with high and low levels of kinesiophobia.
There were no significant correlations between measures of somatosensory sensibility and measures of clinical pain intensity, pain duration, graded chronic pain scores or somatization or depression scores (Pearson: R<0.304, P>0.172).
Although MSSP increased monotonically in NC and FM subjects, pressure pain and pressure pain aftersensations were greater in FM subjects and highly associated with clinical pain intensity (r2 = .44 .64), suggesting that spatial and temporal summation factors may contribute to overall clinical pain.
