The evolution of trait space for the climatic PC2 appeared as a constant increase of phenotypic space over time (Fig. 2d).
Multi-rates BM model was the best fitted for precipitation seasonality (climatic PC2), but posterior evidence for a rate shift was weak.
Estimates of Blomberg's K statistic for climatic PC1 indicated a mean value of 0.477 with 25%and75%75 % quantiles of 0.376 and 0.541, respectively.
Estimates of Blomberg's K values for climatic PC2 ranged from 0.357 and 0.459 (25%and75%75 % quantiles respectively) with a mean value of 0.408.
There have been several efforts to predict the movements of bison outside park boundaries using aerial count data and coarse-scale climatic indicators [6], [7], [15].
Gompertz approach has been commonly used to relate linearly PCGR to the logarithm of lagged densities and climatic factors [17], [47], [48].
Climate change has complex effects on the potential distribution of non-native species by altering current climatic habitat [5], [6], [7].
Recorded characteristics include physicochemical parameters [46], [47], sediment composition [48], climatic conditions [49], and structural habitat characteristics (e.g., size and depth of water body).
We further considered three climatic scenarios (A1B, A2 and B1) from among the IPCC 4th Assessment Report scenarios.
With 10 climatic regions, 14 soil regions and 11 distinct ecological regions, regional classification becomes problematic with differences in soils, topography, geology, rainfall, and plant and animal communities.
Excessive energy consumption derived from forest resources disrupts carbon sinks, which compounds the adverse effects of climatic change [3, 4].
