The indices were constructed using weighted average approach to measure households' access to a set of livelihood assets and climate change exposures (Hahn et al. 2009).
Uncertainties are cascaded sequentially through model components starting with "upstream" drivers (e.g., mitigation options, emissions, carbon cycle response, and global climate sensitivity) and then "downstream" to local climate change, exposures, and health impacts.
Climate Change Vulnerability Index = 1/3[(Exposure + Sensitivity + (1-Coping Capacity)].
In a 2013 report, the Met Office and Overseas Development Institute said "climate change and exposure to 'natural' disasters threaten to derail international efforts to eradicate poverty by 2030".
Climate change and exposure to EDCs are currently regarded as two of the most serious anthropogenic threats to biodiversity and ecosystems.
Climate change and exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are currently regarded as two of the most serious anthropogenic threats to biodiversity and ecosystems.
Transboundary contamination by persistent toxic substances (PTS), ozone depletion and hence ultraviolet (UV) and ionising radiation, global climate change, and exposure to chemicals that can disrupt endocrine (endocrine disrupting chemicals – EDC) and autoimmune functions have been identified as emerging threats to children residing in both developed and developing countries[ 6].
Despite this contribution to crop agriculture, substantial declines in wild and managed pollinators have been observed across the UK (Carvalheiro et al. 2013; Potts et al. 2010) due to a combination of climate change, pesticide exposure, disease and the loss of good quality habitat (Vanbergen 2013).
Evidence suggests that different mechanisms related to climate change like heat exposure, air pollution, chemical exposure, reduced food access, extreme weather, and climate-sensitive infectious diseases will have profound health impacts (2, 3).
