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We constructed the estimated climatic variables in future climate based on four major General Circulation Models (GCMs; HadCM3, CSIRO mk 2, DOE PCM, and CGCM2) for each of the four IPCC greenhouse gas emission scenarios (A1fi, A2, B1 and B2) [42].
And carbon isotopes can show whether the plant grew in a wet and shady or dry and sunny climate, based on how a plant's physiology is affected by water availability.
Predicting long-term climatic behavior by using computer models has proved difficult, and the notion of fiddling with the planet's climate based on the results generated by those models worries even scientists who are fully engaged in the research.
Questions about the validity of reconstructions of mediaeval climate based on treerings, about why some treerings are taken to be good records of temperature at some points in history but not in the recent past, about cherry-picking of data, about the traceability or otherwise of Chinese weather station data and so on had all been aired long before.
This area has a dry and cool climate based on De Martonne climate classification.
"Klimatope" means a unit of climate based on land cover conditions.
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The emissions scenarios can be used to project future climates based on various general circulation models (GCMs) (IPCC 2007b).
Hayhoe et al. (2004) projected future climates based on the higher A1FI and lower B1 emissions scenarios.
This makes a big difference to the usual consideration of climate and climate change based on monthly or annual mean values of air temperature.
Meanwhile, a major recent study published in the journal Nature examined nearly two dozen studies estimating climate sensitivity based on past climate changes over the past 65 million years.
In contrast, the climate niche for ponderosa pine, a mid- to lower montane tree species, is projected to expand under both the B1 and A2 climate scenarios based on our climate niche models.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com