The sediments at Zhoukoudian cave located 50 km southwest of Beijing city also record these cold and warm alternation climate changes (Zhou et al., 2000).
Probably, the alternation of African climate resulted in periods when annual fish habitats were restricted causing thereby potential extinction of the basalmost forms in Central Africa and the presence of the equatorial belt of pluvial forest restricts current Nothobranchius distribution.
The climate is mainly governed by the alternation between the southwest monsoon, which brings heavy rainfalls (May-October), and the northeast monsoon, which is comparatively dry and cool (October-February).
The Amazon is located in the equatorial region and has a warm and humid climate that the prevailing mode reveals an alternation of two seasons throughout the year, hot and humid summer and rainy winter.
The geologic record of this alternation of dry and moist climates tends to be preserved in many mid-latitude dune fields as eolian sand paleosol sequences.
The first diversification of hydrilla into three lineages (clade A + B, clade C and clade D) was dated to the late Miocene (Fig. 3) and may have been triggered by the existence of warm-cool alternations and a cold, dry climate due to strengthened East Asian winter monsoons during the late Miocene and Pliocene [ 56– 56].
The climate is tropical and is characterized by the alternation of rainy and dry seasons.
Snail assemblages in loess indicate a cyclic alternation of species, reflecting both cold and humid climates and cold and dry climates; extremely dry conditions also may be indicated for restricted areas.
In the study, the causes of the alternations are discussed as mainly resulting from climate change and human disturbances such as overgrazing, drainage, and unmanaged tourism.
Effect of alternations in ginkgo leaves structure during the climate change, from spring to autumn, on ORR activity is examined for the first time on the carbons obtained by carbonizing different color, greenish and yellowish, ginkgo leaves at 1000 °C.
