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Clerical rivalries – not just in Shia Islam - can be bitter.
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Of course, that declaration was composed before the events of this summer — the show trials, and the opaque reordering of alignments and rivalries within the clerical élite, and between the clerics and the population.
Of course, that declaration was composed before the events of this summer the show trials, and the opaque reordering of alignments and rivalries within the clerical élite, and between the clerics and the population.
But they are also driven by their rivalry with Iran, and they depend for legitimacy on a clerical establishment dedicated to a reactionary set of beliefs.
Defiant Priests highlights a clerical culture that embraced violence and illuminates how the parish church could become a battleground in which rivalries among clerics took place and young clerics learned from senior clergymen to meld the lay masculine ideals that were a part of their everyday culture with the privilege and authority of their profession.
The after effects of both included pressure from the Saudi clerical establishment for tougher laws and sparser school curricula and the promotion of Sunni-Shia sectarianism as a strand of the rivalry between Riyadh and Tehran.
Computers displaced clerical workers.
But clerical staff?
East rivalries.
National rivalries?
Sounds like a clerical error.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com