His first book, "A Study About the Clerics," argued in favor of an Islam that was open to individual understanding rather than clerical interpretation.
And Dyce, who is described as a "deeply devout High Church Anglican," would hardly have been enamored of the challenge to the clerical interpretation of the Creation that Darwin's "On the Origin of Species" was to make in 1859, just as this canvas was being painted.
Error limitation Clerical error / interpretation, Error processing; Error distribution Administration error The error of prescribing may relate to the decision to prescribe a drug, and the process of writing the prescription (quality and completeness of essential information).
Yet this rapid transformation has not been matched at the culture level, causing a yawning gap between social reality and a conservative ideology imposed by the regime and justified via an intimate alliance between the ruling clan and the Wahhabi clerical establishment with its austere Hanbali interpretation of Islam.
"Khomeini could get away with whatever he wanted, because he was something else, but his wilayat-e-faquih" — literally, "the guardianship of the jurisconsult," the term for Khomeini's theoretical argument for clerical rule, which is derived from a Shiite interpretation of Islamic law — "has evolved into the concept of King of Kings.
The reformist interior minister has given warning of a secret plan, code-named "Catastrophe II".The conservative clerical establishment believes it holds a monopoly on religious interpretation.
But Shiite Islam thrives on discussion in a particularly egalitarian way; it recognizes different interpretations, welcomes argument (at least among its clerical scholars) and shuns a rigid hierarchy.
Azam Taleghani, the publisher of the weekly newspaper Payam-e Hajar, is committed to Islam and the revolution but challenges clerical ideas of male supremacy and promotes a more feminist interpretation of the Koran.
They affirmed the conservative interpretation of doctrines such as the real presence, clerical celibacy, and the necessity of auricular confession, the private confession of sins to a priest.
Clerical staff then blinded all personal information, flow measurements, and interpretations.
At the time of the Revolution, Ayatollah Khomeini was the most vocal proponent among the senior Shia clerics of velayat-e faqih, while he was opposed at the time by his peer and rival Ayatollah Abul-Qassim Khoi, who disagreed with that interpretation of Islamic law, and dissented from the urge to assert clerical dominion over civil society.
