But this figure is misleading since it includes weaker statins like Pravachol and Mevacor — which were introduced earlier and do not carry any clear-cut risk.
Smith emphasises that as things stand, having a high IQ is only an advantage: "A high IQ is not a clear-cut risk factor for bipolar, but perhaps the genes that confer intelligence can get expressed as illness in the context of other risk factors, such as exposure to maternal influenza in the womb or childhood sexual abuse".
So the choice between soda and diet soda is basically down to this: The clear-cut risks of obesity and other health problems that affect high percentages of dedicated soda drinkers on the one hand, versus the less-common potential risk of developing cancer.
In other words, America must expect to fight protracted, enervating counter-insurgency wars that offer no clear-cut victories and risk the prospect of humiliation.A new manual on counter-insurgency co-authored by the man now in charge of the war in Iraq, General David Petraeus, overturns the notion that America doesn't "do nation-building".
Strictly speaking, the only clear-cut cases of "risk" (known probabilities) seem to be idealized textbook cases that refer to devices such as dice or coins that are supposed to be known with certainty to be fair.
Lastly, to achieve a "clear-cut" very high-risk population, only patients with extremely elevated blood lactate (>10 mmol/L) were included in the study.
The International Nifedipine GITS Study of Intervention as a Goal in Hypertension Treatment (INSIGHT) Trial has studied hypertensive patients with at least one additional cardiovascular risk factor and thus with a clear-cut elevation in overall risk.
Because the level of the increase in costs is dependent on the risk of the case, lawyers acting in clear-cut cases (where the risk is less) will get less than those where the issues are more balanced.
Clear-cut evidence of enhanced risk of cancer is not reported for either drug, but in the absence of long-term follow-up studies this might be missed.
* χ2 test; ** p for trend (Armitage's trend test) The results after gender adjustment were clear-cut, with no CRC risk association found for women and a strong statistically significant association for the presence of the Int7G24A variant and CRC in men (P for trend = 0.00023).
Although the data on policy risk are less clear-cut than the hard numbers on direct seizures, press mentions of policy risk (using terms such as "political risk," "political uncertainty," "policy risk," "policy uncertainty," "regulatory risk," and "regulatory uncertainty") indicate that it has risen dramatically as seizure risk has fallen.
