Exact(3)
There are certain cases of interest, where J CE ( H ~, H ) approximately coincides with the classical equalization MSE.
In the classical equalization problem, it is feasible to conduct a brute-force search over the L c possible delays.
As it is known, this is the situation where the DFE outperforms classical equalization approaches based on the inversion of the equivalent channel filter (like zero-forcing equalizers).
Similar(57)
At the first iteration I out=1 (Figure 7a), since no a priori information is available at the equalizer, a classical MMSE equalization is performed.
In sharp contrast to the classical linear equalization problem, nevertheless, in the considered situation the PF-based method may become invalid due to the hardware nonlinearity and the resulting non-analytical importance function.
Again, the zero-restoration equalizers outperform the classical frequency-domain equalizers but are inferior to equalization in the time domain.
Classic, classical.
For the classical adaptive DFE equalizations, two typical algorithms referred to as recursive least square (RLS) and least mean square (LMS) are adopted.
Figure 3 Performance evaluations between the classical PF-based linear equalization and the developed nonlinear estimation method with 16QAM modulation.
Figure 4 Performance evaluations between the classical PF-based linear equalization and the developed nonlinear estimation method with QPSK modulation.
Therefore, it can be concluded that the proposed PN-PAM transmission scheme outperforms the classical PAM with DFE equalization in terms of both BER performance and overall system throughput.
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