Exact(2)
For clinicians and commissioners, this poses a difficulty in making general choices in a field containing often strong and partisan claims of effect from different traditions of intervention.
Very few studies made use of explicit a priori power calculations to ensure that sample sizes were large enough to avoid type 1 and type 2 errors and thus spurious claims of effect.
Similar(58)
The endocrine disruptor field has been vexed by difficulties in reproducing various claims of effects at unusually low doses.
Unfortunately, the perpetuation of expectations rarely occurs without hype and strong claims of an effect.
Andersen et al.'s claims of an effect of psychological intervention on survival are also markedly inconsistent with a larger literature.
In 1996 it was estimated that about 10 million people in the United States took chromium supplements at a cost of $150 million dollarss per year [ 1], largely as a result of claims of beneficial effects on insulin action and glucose tolerance [ 2].
One ethical implication of print media and bioethics literature hyping claims of CE effects while referencing primary research arises from the effect of hype on pre-existing expectations about CE drugs.
Despite anecdotal claims of adverse effects of larger lunches on afternoon driving ability, there is little actual driving data to support this belief.
Electrical direct current (DC) has been applied to the human head throughout history for various reasons and with claims of behavioral effects and clinical benefits.
However, we do not find sufficient empirical evidence in the literature to support such certain claims of positive effects on property values and the built environment.
These arguments combined with historical events that are argued to demonstrate the dangers of religion, such as the Crusades, inquisitions, witch trials, and terrorist attacks—have been used in response to claims of beneficial effects of belief in religion.
Write better and faster with AI suggestions while staying true to your unique style.
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com