Reported standard errors are robust to nonindependence (and heteroscedasticity) within city cells (clustered by city).
"Some of them were turning into business support groups," says Griff Wigley, the creator of Utne's salons, who later organized the first Twin Cities cell of the Company of Friends.
It took several days for the carriers to restore most of their service; in some cities, cell towers are still not working.
The canyon effect is the most commonly cited explanation for the city's cell phone woes, particularly in Manhattan.
Phones kept ringing on the train home, an unfamiliar sound in a city where cell phones are always set to silent "manner mode".
In a city where cell phone use seems to increase geometrically each month, the subway system -- or at least a large part of it -- remains the last guaranteed cell-free zone.
Most of all, the trial could lay bare the deep ambivalence of iPhone-addicted urbanites who lament their digital tethers, and yet guzzle so much smartphone data that the city's cell networks often slow to a crawl.
There is also the actual barred door from the city jail cell in which the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., arrested in April 1963 during the demonstrations, wrote his "Letter from Birmingham Jail," a defense of his tactics that is now considered a definitive document in human rights literature.
Comments like that always remind me of The Dark Knight, where Batman activates every microphone inside all of Gotham City's cell phones, in order to create a giant listening device to track the Joker.
Open image in new window Fig. 11 Person traffic between PRD cities using cell phone data Open image in new window Fig. 12 Travel demand estimate of PRD region.
The studies estimate the effects of living wage laws on wages and employment at the low end of the wage or skill distribution (the bottom decile in each city-month cell), and on family income relative to needs.
