cited by

USAGE SUMMARY

"cited by" is correct and commonly used in written English.
It is typically used to refer to a source that has been referenced or quoted in a written work. Example: According to the study cited by the author, the new drug had a success rate of over 90%.

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Academia

Science

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

One study cited by the A.C.L.U.

The New York Times

cited by courts outside Australasia.

Columbia University

Rep. 174, 181, cited by the court.

Cornell University

The studies cited by Raine range widely.

The Guardian - Books

Osborne was cited by the Christchurch attacker.

The Guardian

HAARP is often cited by conspiracy theorists.

The Washington Post

The regulations cited by respondents will not bear this construction.

Cornell University

She says the research findings cited by Phalan are misleading.

Yale University

Kennedy was later cited by the Navy for his bravery.

The New York Times

As an 'influence' cited by younger musicians, they've become inescapable.

The Guardian

Consequently, evidence cited by both sides is anecdotal and speculative.

The New York Times

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

When using "cited by", ensure that the source you are referencing is accurately and clearly identified. This helps maintain credibility and avoids ambiguity in your writing.

Common error

Avoid using "cited by" without specifying who is doing the citing. For instance, instead of saying "The study was cited by many", specify "The study was cited by researchers in the field" for better clarity.

Linguistic Context

The phrase "cited by" functions as a prepositional phrase indicating attribution or referencing. It connects a statement or idea to the source that mentions or uses it, specifying who or what is doing the citing. Ludwig provides numerous examples where "cited by" clearly performs this function.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

35%

Science

33%

Academia

32%

Less common in

Formal & Business

0%

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, the phrase "cited by" is a versatile and commonly used prepositional phrase for attributing information to its source. According to Ludwig, it's grammatically sound and appears frequently in news, scientific, and academic writing. To ensure clarity, always specify who or what is doing the citing. Alternatives include ""referenced by"", "mentioned by", and "attributed to". Remember that using "cited by" effectively involves properly identifying and crediting the source to maintain the credibility and accuracy of your writing.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

referenced by

Uses a more general term for referencing, indicating a less formal acknowledgment than a direct citation.

mentioned by

Suggests a more casual and potentially less thorough reference than a formal citation.

attributed to

Emphasizes the origin or source of information, attributing ideas or statements directly to someone.

according to

Introduces information sourced from a particular person or document, highlighting the source's perspective.

as stated by

Highlights a direct quote or claim made by a specific individual or source.

drawn from

Indicates that the information or ideas are derived or extracted from a particular source.

based on

Suggests a broader foundation of information, where the cited source contributes to the overall argument or analysis.

informed by

Indicates that a source has influenced or shaped the ideas or perspectives presented.

derived from

Highlights the process of obtaining information or ideas from a specific source.

taken from

Implies a more direct and possibly verbatim extraction of information from a source.

FAQs

How do I use "cited by" in a sentence?

Use "cited by" to indicate the source that references or mentions another source. For example: "The research was "referenced by" several other studies in the field".

What are some alternatives to "cited by"?

You can use phrases like ""referenced by"", "mentioned by", or "attributed to" depending on the specific nuance you want to convey.

What's the difference between "cited by" and "according to"?

"Cited by" indicates that a source references another source, while "according to" introduces information or a viewpoint directly from a source. The former highlights the act of referencing, the latter, the source of the information.

Is it always necessary to specify who is doing the citing when using "cited by"?

While not always grammatically required, specifying who is doing the citing provides clarity and context to your writing. It avoids ambiguity and enhances the credibility of your claims.