But the power of both institutions is circumscribed, and their decisions can be overruled by the clerical establishment, personified by Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's "supreme leader".
Employing professional male pastoralists in Laikipia does not amount to valuing or incorporating pastoralists' extensive environmental knowledge, especially when management decisions are circumscribed by rigid management institutions with specific technical goals and protocols.
The Su preme Court's federalism revolution five years of decisions circumscribing Congressional authority ever more tightly -- arrived this morning at a moment of truth as the justices considered the power of Congress to enforce the Constitution's guarantee of equal protection.
Decisions will be circumscribed, even driven, by leadership's beliefs about the future.
Margins can be either circumscribed or not circumscribed.
Furthermore, the commission's reasons for their decision will be circumscribed by their duty not to disclose the secret information upon which it is based.
And the decision is only the latest in years of Supreme Court losses for organized labor on central questions of collective bargaining, decisions that have "seriously circumscribed the capacity of a post-industrial work force to engage in effective group action," as Professor James J. Brudney, a labor law expert at Fordham Law School, put it in a recent conversation.
And they're willing to go beyond what is circumscribed in law to make their own decisions – maybe shaping society in areas where governments won't act.
The closest I can find to an official accounting of the drone program was from Senator John Kerry last October: "I am convinced that it is highly circumscribed now, very carefully controlled within a hierarchy of decision-making, significantly limited in its collateral damage, and profoundly successful in the impact it has had in putting Al Qaeda on the run.
O'Flynn and Britten (2006) view such a reorientation in terms of the biomedical model, suggesting that the ability of practitioners to share decisions and devolve power to patients is, in reality, circumscribed because it is fundamentally in opposition to the practices through which they gain their professional identity.
Rawls initially stated his problem in terms of rational decision theory, according to which any rational agent, circumscribed by various factors in an idealized choosing situation or original position, would choose his two favored principles of justice.
