In addition, as a small mRNA virus, OPV can lose its attenuating mutations and vaccine-related viruses revert back toward WPV to become a circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV), which occurs in the context of prolonged circulation in populations with high susceptibility and can lead to outbreaks [ 12].
High diversity implies prolonged circulation in populations with large immunity gaps.
Further studies are needed to better understand the relationship between the host response and emergence of new variant strains and the dynamics of strain circulation within populations both locally and globally.
The restoration of peace following the signing in March 2007 of the Ouagadougou Peace Agreement had enabled the free circulation of populations and goods from either side.
An estimated two million to three million guns are in circulation among a population of eight million people.
The number of shootings by officers in the US is a direct function of the number of guns in circulation among the population at large, and thus there is a far greater likelihood that an officer will be so threatened, and required to use force to protect himself or herself and the public.
Brazil is one of the world's fastest growing mobile markets, with 90 million smartphones in circulation among a population of about 200 million, and today a fin-tech company that has focused on catering to that growing group of users has raised a significant round of funding.
In addition, promoting joint contingency planning and emergency response among disaster management institutions, civil protection agencies, service providers, and communities, in particular in border areas characterized by intense population circulation, can help effectively provide assistance to those displaced across borders (INGC et al. 2013).
In the Netherlands, the use of an imperfect whole cell vaccine in the beginning of the nineties may have increased the level of circulation in the population [31].
Future studies with more specific serologic assays are necessary to determine the true extent of TUNV circulation in this population.
