circulation

USAGE SUMMARY

'circulation' is a correct and usable word in written English.
It is a noun that is typically defined as the continuous movement of a fluid (like air or blood) around a system or area. Example sentence: "The circulation of air in the room is poor, so let's open the windows."

✓ Grammatically correct

News & Media

Science

Formal & Business

Human-verified examples from authoritative sources

Exact Expressions

60 human-written examples

The bad news continues in the circulation figures.

The Guardian

So, in 1983, for example, Labour was supported by newspapers accounting for only 22% of circulation - and they lost.

The Guardian

Emap's weekly title Grazia goes from strength to strength, managing to post another increase in sales with a circulation of 175,218, up 12.9% year on year and 2.6% on the period.

The Guardian

Marie Claire's circulation has dropped by 13.2% year on year and 10.9% on the last six months of 2005, to an average monthly figure of 331,127, according to the latest Audit Bureau of Circulation figures for the period January to June 2006.

The Guardian

"He needs to improve his circulation by using our machines and he will need to take our products.

The Guardian

"This is a blood circulation massager," he announces.

The Guardian

As always happens, January witnesses circulation increases over December.

The Guardian

Doubtless, the circulation department at the Sun's publishers, News UK, will be closely monitoring whether there is a significant Sun-Star sales switch in the coming week or so.

The Guardian

"The energy and commitment of all staff on the Australian is very high and staff remain excited about breaking stories and continuing to take share from the AFR and Fairfax in terms of print circulation, digital traffic, digital subs and ad revenue".

The Guardian

Heatherwick says he wanted to expose the circulation of people around the bus just as you might in a glass-fronted building, and it's a compelling idea.

The Guardian - Arts

A technology first used by vets to treat injured racehorses, the electromagnetic charges thrown out by PEMF equipment are thought to stimulate your body's cells, which can aid recovery from injury, reduce headaches, improve your immune system and blood circulation, provide improved sleep, and boost your general energy.

The Guardian - Lifestyle

Expert writing Tips

Best practice

In medical contexts, use "circulation" to refer to the flow of blood. To improve your writing, consider adding more details. For instance, instead of just stating that circulation is poor, detail potential causes like smoking or a sedentary lifestyle.

Common error

Avoid confusing "circulation", which refers to movement or distribution, with "circumference", which refers to the distance around a circle. For example, don't say "the circulation of the park" when you mean "the circumference of the park".

Linguistic Context

The primary grammatical function of "circulation" is that of a noun. It serves as a subject, object, or complement in a sentence, representing a process, quantity, or system. Ludwig AI confirms this through various examples, showing its usage in contexts related to blood flow, newspaper readership, and the movement of air.

Expression frequency: Very common

Frequent in

News & Media

54%

Science

23%

Formal & Business

12%

Less common in

Encyclopedias

0%

Wiki

0%

Reference

0%

Ludwig's WRAP-UP

In summary, "circulation" is a versatile noun with several key meanings, including the movement of fluids, the distribution of publications, and the spread of information. Ludwig AI validates its correct usage in a wide range of contexts, from medical and scientific writing to news reporting and business communications. While the term sees frequent use in "News & Media" and "Science", it maintains a generally neutral to formal register. To avoid common errors, writers should differentiate "circulation" from "circumference". By understanding these nuances, writers can use "circulation" accurately and effectively in their work.

More alternative expressions

Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:

blood flow

Refers specifically to the movement of blood in the body.

movement

This alternative focuses on the act of moving, simplifying the concept to its core.

distribution

This term highlights the spreading of something, like newspapers or information.

diffusion

Similar to distribution, but emphasizes a more gradual and widespread spreading.

dissemination

Highlights the act of spreading information widely.

currency flow

Specifically refers to the movement of money within an economy.

propagation

Emphasizes the spreading or transmission of something, like a signal or idea.

reach

Focuses on the extent to which something is accessed or known.

traffic

Referring to the movement of people or goods

rotation

This emphasizes a circular movement.

FAQs

How to use "circulation" in a sentence?

You can use "circulation" to describe the movement of blood (e.g., "Exercise improves blood circulation"), the distribution of publications (e.g., "The magazine has a wide circulation"), or the flow of air (e.g., "Proper ventilation ensures good air circulation").

What can I say instead of "circulation" in the context of newspaper readership?

You can use alternatives like "readership", "distribution", or "reach" depending on the specific aspect you want to emphasize.

What's the difference between "circulation" and "diffusion"?

"Circulation" implies a continuous movement or flow, often in a loop or system, while "diffusion" suggests a spreading out or dispersing from a central point. For example, blood undergoes circulation, while scent undergoes diffusion.

Is it correct to use "circulation" to describe the spread of a rumor?

Yes, it is correct. "Circulation" can be used to describe the spread of information, rumors, or news. For example, "The rumor is in wide circulation throughout the office".