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The analysed dataset comprised only FELS studies for fish so that an exposure of at least 28 days was considered in chronic testing to reach the potential steady state.
Thus, it can be concluded that increased ACRs are probably not associated with high Kow values and chronic testing is not more compelling for substances with a log Kow >3 or >4.5 than for other substances within this context.
To account for this procedure an ACR that is here termed ACRaqu (ACR of the aquatic compartment) was derived by using the most sensitive trophic level in acute and the most sensitive trophic level in chronic testing of Daphnia and fish data.
For example, chronic testing of estrogenic drugs should include aquatic animal species that are known to have estrogen receptors.
Food safety scientists in regulatory agencies have not considered it necessary to conduct chronic testing of proteins introduced to date into GM crops based on the aforementioned considerations.
First, the FDA protocol turns to chronic testing only if acute testing indicates a risk or if there is an indication that the drug could bioaccumulate.
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Note that in the chronic test [149] a clear effect was observed at the lowest tested concentration (Additional file 1: Table S3), i.e. significant effects may be caused at a lower microplastic level.
In addition to the acute and chronic tests, an avoidance response test was applied.
Further research and optimization of the chronic test design are required.
Chronic tests were performed using 150 g DW OECD artificial or LUFA 2.2 standard soil.
However, their use is limited by the fact that the most sensitive tests are chronic tests such as the earthworm reproduction test which lasts 56 days.
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