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DISCUSSION The first sentence of this section "Diabetes is associated with several adverse effects on the brain, some of which may result primarily from direct consequences of chronic hyperglycemia" needs reference.
The first sentence of this section "Diabetes is associated with several adverse effects on the brain, some of which may result primarily from direct consequences of chronic hyperglycemia" needs reference.
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The continuous need for antidiabetic drugs in DM treatment and chronic hyperglycemia lead to infections, ketoacidosis, hypoglycemia, and micro- and macrovascular disorders affecting the retina and nervous, renal, cardiovascular, and cerebrovascular systems[13].
There are substantial data associating chronic hyperglycemia with long-term micro- and macrovascular complications (1– 4), supporting the need for stringent glycemic control.
Patients reporting distress secondary to frustration about chronic hyperglycemia or fear of complications (i.e., diabetes-related distress) will likely need different interventions than patients who report being distressed because of life circumstances unrelated to diabetes.
This suggests that initiation of metformin as soon as diabetes is diagnosed would also help to slow the trajectory of loss in insulin secretory capacity and glycemic control, delaying the need for subsequent therapy intensification and the substantial periods of chronic hyperglycemia that typically accompany anti-hyperglycemic failure.
To investigate the effect of chronic hyperglycemia on intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with diabetes.
Acute hyperglycemia, apparently due to the short duration of the glucose administration, had only minimal effects, in contrast to the effects shown for chronic hyperglycemia [35].
Chronic hyperglycemia (glucotoxicity) is reported to have detrimental effects on various brain functions leading to neurodegenerative changes.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the major global metabolic disorders characterized by insulin resistance and chronic hyperglycemia.
Diabetes is a non-communicable disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and disturbances in carbohydrates, lipids and proteins metabolism due to defects in insulin secretion and its action, which results in severe acute and chronic complications [1].
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com