Field was working with restricted ZFU, Zermelo-Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice modified to allow for Urelemente, objects that are not sets, but not allowing for any non-set-theoretic vocabulary to appear in the comprehension axioms, that is, replacement or separation (Field 1980, p. 17).
The tournament has been modified to include choice and refusal of partners (Stanley et al.1994), to cope with noise in signaling the choice to cooperate or defect (Wu and Axelrod 1995), to interactions between more than two players (Yao and Darween 1995), and to include the effects of the spatial organization of players in the interactions (Ferriere and Michod 1995).
To increase conceptual equivalence, Item 15, 'Did your chewing ability affect your social life?' was modified to 'Did you avoid spending time with others in social activities because of your chewing problems?' and Item 16 'Did your chewing ability influence your choice of foods?' was modified to 'Did you have a preference for some foods because of your chewing problems?'.
Niche construction, defined as the "process whereby organisms, through their metabolism, their activities, and their choices, modify their own and/or each other's niches" [ 1], has received growing attention as a potentially potent force in evolution.
As single trials unfolded, each event — whether a new evidence cue or a behavioral choice — modified the dynamics of the PPC for seconds, even across trials.
Detection thresholds were obtained using a three-alternative, forced-choice, modified staircase method of stimulus presentation (see below).
They have pointed out that architectural projects tend to "drift" as, during the phase of design, the architect's initial choices are modified owing to formerly unknown or neglected factors.
Thus, in the first year of the new century, Congress may be faced with an unprecedented choice: modify the Copyright Act to satisfy the demands of international trade jurists or face retaliatory trade sanctions by the EC.
It is a matter of what you believe is the right choice for you.' We also renamed the booklet 'Breast cancer screening: It's your choice' and modified the subtitle to include 'information to help women make a decision' rather than 'information to consider'.
Following the first cognitive debriefing, one item was added and the response choices were significantly modified in order to facilitate the understanding of the questionnaire by patients.
The target preparation procedure (generation of amplified cRNA or of first strand cDNA) and the subsequent duplex formation may dictate the choice of which modified nucleotide to use, as we and others have found differential effects with various nucleotides.
