As part of its response to the outbreak, UNCEF is active in a number of activities, including expanding access to safe water supply though chlorination (tablets, solution), through provision of water carriers at household level, through installation of standpipes and water tanks for safe storage.
In this study, the effect of five variables (substrate and ClO− concentration, presence of KBr, temperature, and pH) on THMs' formation during chlorination of aqueous solutions of humic acid is discussed using a factorial design.
The factors that affect trihalomethane (THM) (chloroform, bromodichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane and bromoform) formation from the chlorination of aqueous solutions of hydrophobic fulvic acids (FA) were investigated in a prototype laboratorial simulation using factorial analysis.
The as-synthesized PSA-NH MNPs were converted to antibacterial polymeric MNPs containing N-halamine groupolypoly (styrene-co-N- t-Bu -N-chlorine-acryl amide) (Pstyrene-co-N- t-Bu -N-chlorine-acrylion in diluted NaOCl styrene-co-N- t-Bu -N-chlorine-acryl
Following the surface chlorination, the chlorinated substrates were placed in a NaSH DMF solution for surface thiolation.
Although the MSGAs solution disregards the chlorination economic objective, it required the weakest injected chlorine mass (1730 g/day).
The proposed approach was efficient in computing solutions ensuring better chlorination uniformity while requiring the weakest injected chlorine mass when compared to other approaches.
The changes in the voltammetric curves upon addition of olefine, chloride ions and water were studied in the electrochemical chlorination of cyclohexene in nitromethane solution.
To 15 μL of the solution from the chlorination assay described above was added 85 μL of a 0.1% TFA/H2O mixture to stop the reaction at a specified time, followed by HPLC using a solvent gradient from 20 to 40% B for 5 min and 40 to 65% B for 20 min (solvent A, 0.1% TFA/H2O; solvent B, 0.1% TFA/MeCN).
This choice permitted to reduce significantly the chlorine mass used, in comparison with the Propato and Uber (2004) solution, and allowing better chlorination uniformity.
