Florida's chill caused records to fall even in the balmiest cities. Miami's low of 37 yesterday broke a record for the date set 62 years ago.
Temperatures at night reached 30 below zero with the wind chill, causing headlamp batteries and water bottles to freeze solid, as well as the instantaneous solidification of mucous from any runny nose.
But attention will focus on more immediate worries: above all, the prospects for the long war in Afghanistan, the response to Iran's nuclear ambitions and the need to "reset" NATO's ambiguous relations with its old enemy, Russia, after the chill caused by the invasion of Georgia in 2008.
Cattle and sheep are prone to wind chill caused by a combination of wind and cold temperatures, when winds exceed, rendering their hair and wool coverings ineffective.
While it may be a result of overzealous police interrogation techniques and the desire to obtain a conviction at any cost by prosecutors, it is also the judiciary that has very reluctantly recognized this chilling cause of wrongful convictions and in most cases, even today, prevents false-confession experts from testifying in cases in New York State.
But a delay of just four hours between harvest and chilling causes the spears to toughen significantly.
Severe weather warnings from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration for Minnesota and Wisconsin said that wind chills caused by gusts of up to 30 mph were causing temperatures to plummet to between -37C (-35F) and -46C (-50F).
This result indicates that the chilling caused a premature ethylene peak that resulted in an uneven ripening of the fruit.
Chilling caused up to 100% and heat up to 40% sterility, the former mainly in the Senegal cool-dry season and the latter in the Philippines.
Chilling caused a reduction in the protein content found in fruits 3 and 4 days after being harvested, when compared to control fruits, followed by a similar decline from Days 5 to 8 after harvest.
Artemisinin (ARS) also known as qinhaosu, is the active principle of the Chinese plant Artemisia annua L. (qinhao) used for more than 2000 years in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) as a remedy to treat fever and chills caused by malaria infections [5].
