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First we co-registered the T1 images to the Cincinnati Children's Hospital global old children template (www. irc.cchmc.org/software/pedbrain.php).
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Registration of original brain images with nationality-appropriate child templates required significantly less deformation than with nationality-inappropriate child templates in both linear and non-linear transformations.
These findings supported the anatomical differences between the Chinese and U.S. child templates shown in the current study.
In addition, Chinese and U.S. child templates showed different 3-dimentinal ratios (W/L, H/L, and H/W).
We evaluated the impact of using nationality-appropriate brain templates on segmentation by doing tissue segmentation for Chinese participants using Chinese or U.S. child templates for priors.
The anatomical differences found between the Chinese and U.S. child templates parallel the findings of brain differences between these two developmental populations from previous research.
Age-related U.S. child templates used for comparison were created from images that were collected at the McCausland Center for Brain Imaging (MCBI; Sanchez et al., 2012a) and matched-age, M/F control participants from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange database (ABIDE; Di Martino et al., 2014).
Table 2 shows the comparison of the global features between the Chinese and U.S. (Sanchez et al., 2012a) children templates.
There was a difference in length between the Chinese test participants and the Chinese children templates, otherwise, these size parameters were not significantly different.
Using the old children templates for grey matter, white matter and cerebrospinal fluid, our images were then classified under the segmentation step as grey matter (GM), white matter (WM), and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and maps of GM probability at each voxel were derived.
Brazier adds: "We're in danger of moving towards the one-child template as the gold standard of parenting, and I think we should be wary of that.
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