These include community-based child care programmes in Malawi, a rapid school readiness initiative in Kenya, a child-to-child mentoring approach in Ethiopia, and expanding ECD programmes to primary schools in Lesotho and Zimbabwe.
For the long term sustainability of perinatal education of pregnant women on oral health, it is important to explore the inclusion of oral health programmes into maternal and child care programmes in Nigeria using the common risk factor approach [ 86].
Maternal and child care programmes in Nigeria have received a lot of support from national and international agencies because of the poor national maternal and child health indices [ 87].
Mr Martin has also promised a national child-care programme, perhaps modelled on Quebec's system, and an extra 5,000 troops for the armed forces, which are overstretched by peacekeeping duties.
They include a new non-contributory basic pension of around $90 a month for the elderly who lack other provision, a state-run child-care programme, and more scholarships for poor students wanting a university education.
Within this framework, he has suggested strengthening the ties between the east and west of a vast, thinly populated country through a better electricity grid, a high-speed railway from Windsor to Quebec City and a national child-care programme.
"We have a sort of triangle of support here," adds the director of the child-care programme, Nelly Korovchenko.
The money cannot simply be reclaimed from child-care programmes, where the relevant agency now depends on that federal grant for a third of its budget.
In Liberia and Zaire, sharp declines in child death (19% and 32%, respectively between 1984 and 1989) coincided with the introduction of intensive child health care programmes [ 4].
