Gal-1P was detected by electrical chemical detection using an ED50 detector consisting of a gold electrode and a pH-Ag/AgCl reference electrode for signal detection by integrated amperometry.
"It was a lot of work," Catlin said of the painstaking chemical detection effort.
His chemical detection device indicated a barometer reading of five - eight being the highest.
The Pentagon has long used dogs for chemical detection, most recently in Iraq, where they helped in the search for traditional weapons and explosives.
Expert say two large, complex instruments lie at the heart of advanced chemical detection -- the gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer.
On the one hand, it publicizes the purchase of 200,000 gas masks and the arrival of the Czech Army and its biological and chemical detection units (the "mass death" troops) that are now patrolling Kuwait City.
Experts say two large, complex instruments lie at the heart of advanced chemical detection: the gas chromatograph and the mass spectrometer.
One new one is "black cocaine", a mixture of the drug with iron dust and charcoal that fools both sniffer dogs and the standard chemical detection test.
Dr. Atkinson envisages a day when the millimeter-wave imaging booths now used at some airports will be used for chemical detection as well.
